11/14/2023 0 Comments The rome beauty and winsnap![]() Emergence of Marius, Sulla, Pompey and Caesar. Rome timelineĪccording to legend, Romulus founds Rome. It is among the largest urban areas of the European Union and classified as a global city.įor more information, and the history of Rome as a complete civilization, see Ancient Rome. With a population of 4.4 million (as of 2015 2.9 million within city limits), it is the largest city in Italy. Rome became the capital of the Italian Republic (established in 1946). It was declared an open city on 14 August 1943. Rome came under siege again after the Allied invasion of Italy and was bombed several times. ![]() Modern history, the period from the 19th century to the present.Rome was annexed by Napoleon and was part of the First French Empire from 1798 to 1814. The Roman Renaissance was cut short abruptly with the devastation of the city in 1527, but the Papacy reasserted itself in the Counter-Reformation, and the city continued to flourish during the early modern period. The Roman Renaissance occurred in the 15th century, when Rome replaced Florence as the centre of artistic and cultural influence.Rome's decline into complete irrelevance during the medieval period, with the associated lack of construction activity, assured the survival of very significant ancient Roman material remains in the centre of the city, some abandoned and others continuing in use. Following the East–West Schism and the limited success in the Investiture Controversy, the Papacy did gain considerable influence in the High Middle Ages, but with the Avignon Papacy and the Western Schism, the city of Rome was reduced to irrelevance, its population falling below 20,000. The Papacy struggled to retain influence in the emerging Holy Roman Empire, and during the saeculum obscurum, the population of Rome fell to as low as 30,000 inhabitants. Medieval Rome is characterized by a break with Constantinople and the formation of the Papal States.At this time, the city was reduced to a fraction of its former size, being sacked several times in the 5th to 6th centuries, even temporarily depopulated entirely. With the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, Rome's power declined, and it eventually became part of the Eastern Roman Empire, as the Duchy of Rome, until the 8th century. The Roman Empire followed the Republic, which waned with the rise of Julius Caesar, and by all measures concluded after a period of civil war and the victory of Caesar's adopted son, Octavian, in 27 BC over Mark Antony. ![]() With the Punic Wars from 264 to 146 BC, ancient Rome gained dominance over the Western Mediterranean, displacing Carthage as the dominant regional power. During the 5th century BC, Rome gained regional dominance in Latium. The period was marked by vast expansion of Roman territory.
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